Common Name: Carbaryl CAS Number: 63-25-2 DOT Number: UN 2757 Date: January, 1989 ----------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY * Carbaryl can affect you when breathed in and by passing through your skin. * Carbaryl may cause mutations and may be a teratogen. Handle with extreme caution. * Exposure can cause carbamate poisoning with blurred vision, sweating, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), and death. * Contact can irritate the skin, causing a rash. * Repeated exposures may affect the kidneys and nervous system. IDENTIFICATION Carbaryl is a white or grayish odorless crystal (sand like) material. It is a carbamate pesticide used in powder, liquid or paste form. REASON FOR CITATION * Carbaryl is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, DOT, NIOSH and EPA. * Definitions are attached. HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your employer.You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.20. * If you think you are experiencing any work related health problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is 5.0 mg/m3 averaged over an 8 hour workshift. NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 5.0 mg/m3 averaged over a 10 hour workshift. ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 5.0 mg/m3 averaged over an 8 hour workshift. * The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed,even though air levels are less than the limits listed above. * Carbaryl may cause mutations. All contact with this chemical should be reduced to the lowest possible level. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release.If local exhaust ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be worn. * Wear protective work clothing. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Carbaryl. * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and safety hazards of Carbaryl to potentially exposed workers. This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. ------------------------------------------ HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Acute Health Effects The following acute (short term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Carbaryl: * Exposure can cause blurred vision, sweating, nausea and vomiting, and abdominal pain. Higher exposures can cause fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema) and death. * Contact can irritate the eyes and the skin, causing a rash or burning feeling. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Carbaryl and can last for months or years: Cancer Hazard * Carbaryl may cause mutations (genetic changes) in living cells. Whether or not it poses a cancer hazard needs further study. Reproductive Hazard * Carbaryl is a possible teratogen in humans and has been shown to be a teratogen in animals. * There is limited evidence that it reduces fertility in both males and females. Other Long Term Effects * Carbaryl may damage the kidneys and nervous systems. MEDICAL Medical Testing If symptoms develop or overexposure has occurred, the following may be useful: * Kidney function tests. * Exam of the nervous system. * If done within 2 3 hours after exposure, serum and RBC cholinesterase levels may be helpful. Levels can return to normal before the person feels well. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already done are not a substitute for controlling exposure. Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.20. Mixed Exposures Persons exposed to other chemicals which affect body cholinesterase (organophosphates, carbamates) may be at increased risk. WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure.Using respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary. In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. In addition, the following controls are recommended: * Where possible, automatically pump liquid Carbaryl from drums or other storage containers to process containers. * Specific engineering controls are recommended for this chemical by NIOSH. Refer to the NIOSH criteria document: Occupational Exposure to Carbaryl #77 107. Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The following work practices are recommended: * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Carbaryl should change into clean clothing promptly. * Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family members could be exposed. * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Carbaryl. * On skin contact with Carbaryl, immediately wash or shower to remove the chemical. * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Carbaryl is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking. * Do not dry sweep for clean up. Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean up. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be appropriate. The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply to every situation. Clothing * Avoid skin contact with Carbaryl. Wear protective gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your operation. * All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. Eye Protection * Wear dust proof goggles when working with powers or dusts, or wear splash proof chemical goggles and face shield when working with liquid Carbaryl, unless full facepiece respiratory protection is worn. Respiratory Protection IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA 1910.134. * Where the potential exists for exposures over 5.0 mg/m3, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. * Exposure to 625 mg/m3 is immediately dangerous to life and health. If the possibility of exposures above 625 mg/m3 exists use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in continuous flow or other positive pressure mode. HANDLING AND STORAGE * Prior to working with Carbaryl you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. * Carbaryl must be stored to avoid contact with STRONG OXIDIZERS (such as CHLORINE, BROMINE, and FLUORINE) since violent reactions occur. * Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where Carbaryl is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. Common Name: Carbaryl DOT Number: UN 2757 DOT Emergency Guide code: 55 CAS Number: 63-25-2 ---------------------------------------- Hazard rating NJ DOH NFPA FLAMMABILITY 1 Not Rated REACTIVITY 0 Not Rated POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE ---------------------------------------- Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; 4=severe FIRE HAZARDS * Carbaryl is a COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID. * Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or foam extinguishers. Water can be used to keep fire exposed containers cool. * POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Nitrogen Oxides. * CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. * If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156. SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES If Carbaryl powder is spilled or leaked, take the following steps: * Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. * Remove all ignition sources. * Ventilate area of spill or leak. * Collect powdered material in the most safe, convenient manner and deposit in sealed containers. If liquid containing Carbaryl is spilled, take the following steps: * Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. * Ventilate area of spill or leak. * Collect for reclamation or absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material. * It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Carbaryl as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional office of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. =========================================================== FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department. ============================================================ FIRST AID POISON INFORMATION Eye Contact * Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. Skin Contact * Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash area with large amounts of soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Breathing * Remove the person from exposure. * Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. * Transfer promptly to a medical facility. * Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. PHYSICAL DATA Vapor Pressure: 0.005 mm Hg at 68oF (20oC) Flash Point: 397oF (202.7oC) Water Solubility: Insoluble OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES Chemical Name: 1-Naphthalenol, Methylcarbamate Other Names and Formulations: Sevin; 1-Naphthyl-n-Methylcarbamate; alpha-Naphthyl-n- Methylcarbamate. ------------------------------------------ Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes. ------------------------------------------ NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Right to Know Program CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625 0368 ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Carbaryl is a widely used synthetic insecticide. It is a broad spectrum contact insecticide registered on more than 100 crops. Carbaryl is a white crystalline solid. It may enter the environment from agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, or spills. ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with a toxic chemical substance. Carbaryl has high acute toxicity to aquatic life and birds. It is highly-to-moderately toxic, acutely, to land animals. It has caused death and injuries of various kinds to agricultural and ornamental crops. CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS Chronic toxic effects may include shortened life span, reproductive problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior. Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic chemical. Carbaryl has high chronic toxicity to aquatic life. Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the long-term effects of carbaryl to plants, birds, or land animals. WATER SOLUBILITY Carbaryl is moderately soluble in water. Concentrations of 1 to 1,000 milligrams will mix with a liter of water. DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT Carbaryl is moderately persistent in water, with a half-life of between 20 to 200 days. The half-life of a pollutant is the amount of time it takes for one-half of the chemical to be degraded. About 95% of carbaryl will eventually end up in water; about 1% will end up in air; and slightly less than 2%, respectively, will end up in terrestrial soils and in aquatic sediments. BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate,in living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals and humans. The concentration of carbaryl found in fish tissues is expected to be somewhat higher than the average concentration of carbaryl in the water from which the fish was taken. SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA, Phytotox.