Common Name: o-Toluidine Hydrochloride CAS Number: 636-21-5 DOT Number: None Date: January 1989 ----------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY * o-Toluidine Hydrochloride can affect you when breathed in and by passing through your skin. * o-TolUIDINE is a CARCINOGEN HANDLE WITH EXTREME CAUTION. * Skin or breathing exposures interfere with the ability of the blood to carry oxygen (a condition called methemoglobinemia) causing a blue color to the skin and lips. * Lower repeated exposures can cause blood in the urine, sometimes with painful, frequent passing of urine. Anemia and kidney damage may result. IDENTIFICATION o-Toludine Hydrochloride is a crystalline, colorless to white sand like material. It is used in the production of dyes. REASON FOR CITATION * o-Toluidine Hydrochloride is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is cited by IARC, NTP, CAG and EPA. * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List because it is a CARCINOGEN. * Definitions are attached. HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your employer. You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.20. * If you think you are experiencing any work related health problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS No occupational exposure limits have been established for o- Toluidine Hydrochloride. This does not mean that this substance is not harmful. Safe work practices should always be followed. * It should be recognized that o-Toluidine Hydrochloride can be absorbed through your skin, thereby increasing your exposure. * o-Toluidine Hydrochloride is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. There may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so all contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be worn. * A regulated, marked area should be established where o Toluidine Hydrochloride is handled, used, or stored. * Wear protective work clothing. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to o-Toluidine Hydrochloride and at the end of the workshift. * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and safety hazards of o-Toluidine Hydrochloride to potentially exposed workers. This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. ------------------------------------------ HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Acute Health Effects The following acute (short term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to o-Toluidine Hydrochloride: * Higher exposure can interfere with the ability of the blood to carry oxygen (a condition called methemoglobinemia) causing a blue color of the skin and lips. * Lower repeated exposure, or single higher exposure, can cause blood in the urine. Other effects may include painful and frequent passing of urine. Kidney damage and anemia can also result. * Skin contact could cause irritation. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to o-Toluidine Hydrochloride and can last for months or years: Cancer Hazard * o-Toluidine Hydrochloride is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. There is some evidence that it increases the incidence of bladder cancer in humans, and it has been shown to cause liver, spleen, bladder and breast cancer in animals. * Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen. Such substances may also have the potential for causing reproductive damage in humans. Reproductive Hazard * According to the information presently available to the New Jersey Department of Health, o-Toluidine Hydrochloride has not been tested for its ability to adversely affect reproduction. Other Long Term Effects * Lower repeated exposure could damage the kidneys, bladder and spleen. MEDICAL Medical Testing Before beginning employment and at regular times after that, the following are recommended: * Complete urine test (including exam for red blood cells). * Urine exam for abnormal cells (cytology). * If these tests are abnormal, consider exam of the bladder lining (cystoscopy). If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following may also be useful: * Test for methemoglobin. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already done are not a substitute for controlling exposure. Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.20. WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary. In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. In addition, the following control is recommended: * Where possible, automatically transfer o-Toluidine Hydrochloride from drums or other storage containers to process containers. Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The following work practices are recommended: * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by o-Toluidine Hydrochloride should change into clean clothing promptly. * Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family members could be exposed. * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to o- Toluidine Hydrochloride. * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower facilities should be provided. * On skin contact with o-Toluidine Hydrochloride, immediately wash or shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the workshift, wash any areas of the body that may have contacted o-Toluidine Hydrochloride, whether or not known skin contact has occurred. * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where o-Toluidine Hydrochloride is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking. * Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP. * When vacuuming, a high efficiency particulate absolute (HEPA) filter should be used, not a standard shop vacuum. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be appropriate. The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply to every situation. Clothing * Avoid skin contact with o-Toluidine Hydrochloride. Wear protective gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your operation. * All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. Eye Protection * Eye protection is included in the recommended respiratory protection. Respiratory Protection IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA 1910.134. * Engineering controls must be effective to ensure that exposure to o-Toluidine Hydrochloride does not occur. * At any exposure level, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. HANDLING AND STORAGE * Prior to working with o-Toluidine Hydrochloride you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. * Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated area away from light. * A regulated, marked area should be established where o Toluidine Hydrochloride is handled, used, or stored. Common Name: o-Toluidine Hydrochloride DOT Number: None DOT Emergency Guide code: No Citation CAS Number: 636-21-5 ----------------------------------------- Hazard rating NJDOH NFPA FLAMMABILITY 1 Not Rated REACTIVITY 0 Not Rated ---------------------------------------- CARCINOGEN POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE ---------------------------------------- Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; 4=severe FIRE HAZARDS * o-Toluidine Hydrochloride may burn, but does not readily ignite. Use Carbon Dioxide or dry chemical fire extinguishers. * POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Nitrogen Oxides and Chlorides. * If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156. SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES If o-Toluidine Hydrochloride is spilled or leaked, take the following steps: * Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. * Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers. * It may be necessary to contain and dispose of o-Toluidine Hydrochloride as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional office of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. ========================================== FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department. ========================================== FIRST AID POISON INFORMATION Eye Contact * Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Skin Contact * Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash contaminated skin with large amounts of water. Breathing * Remove the person from exposure. * Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. * Transfer promptly to a medical facility. PHYSICAL DATA Vapor Pressure: 1 mmhg at 111oF (43.9oC) Water Solubility: Soluble OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES Chemical Name: Benzenamine, 2 Methyl, Hydrochloride Other Names and Formulations: o Methylaniline; o-Toluidin Hydrochloride. ------------------------------------------ Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes. ------------------------------------------ NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Right to Know Program CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625 0368 ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION o-Toluidine Hydrochloride is a light yellowish liquid used to make various dyes and colors fast to acids. It may enter the environment from industrial discharges or spills. ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with a toxic chemical substance. Although no toxicity test has been conducted with this specific chemical, the most toxic portion is o-toluidine which has known toxicity to aquatic life and birds and which was used to estimate toxicity. o-Toluidine Hydrochloride has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic life and moderate-to-high acute toxicity to birds. Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the short-term effects of this chemical to plants or land animals. CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior. Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic chemical. Although no toxicity test has been conducted with this specific chemical, the most toxic portion is o-toluidine which has known toxicity to aquatic life and which was used to estimate toxicity. o-Toluidine Hydrochloride has moderate chronic toxicity to aquatic life. Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the long-term effects of this chemical to plants, birds, or land animals. WATER SOLUBILITY o-Toluidine Hydrochloride is highly soluble in water. Concentrations of 1,000 milligrams and more will mix with a liter of water. DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT o-Toluidine Hydrochloride will react rapidly with water to form o- toluidine and hydrochloric acid and therefore will not accumulate in aquatic organisms or the environment. Fact sheets for o- toluidine and hydrochloric acid are available. SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.