Common Name: Allyl Chloride CAS Number: 107-05-1 DOT Number: UN 1100 Date: July 31, 1986 ------------------------------------------ HAZARD SUMMARY * Allyl Chloride can affect you when breathed in. * It may cause mutations and may damage the developing fetus. Since it is a possible cancer causing substance, handle with extreme caution. * Contact causes immediate deep aching pain, and can cause skin and eye burns. * Exposure can irritate the nose, throat, and lungs. Higher exposures may cause fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema). * Repeated exposures can cause liver and kidney damage. * It is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID and a FIRE HAZARD. High vapor concentrations may cause an explosion. IDENTIFICATION Allyl Chloride can be a colorless, yellow, or purple liquid. It has an very strong, unpleasant odor. It is used in making allyl compounds. REASON FOR CITATION * Allyl Chloride is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by NIOSH, ACGIH and NFPA. * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List because it is FLAMMABLE. * Definitions are attached. HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely evaluated. This may include collecting air samples. Under OSHA 1910.20, you have a legal right to obtain copies of sampling results from your employer. If you think you are experiencing any work related health problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. * ODOR THRESHOLD = 1.2 ppm. * The odor threshold only serves as a warning of exposure. Not smelling it does not mean you are not being exposed. WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is 1 ppm averaged over an 8 hour workshift. NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 1 ppm averaged over an 8 hour workshift and 3 ppm, not to be exceeded during any 15 minute work period. ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 1 ppm averaged over an 8 hour workshift and 2 ppm as a STEL (short term exposure limit). * Allyl Chloride may cause mutations. All contact with this chemical should be reduced to the lowest possible level. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be worn. * Wear protective work clothing. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Allyl Chloride. * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and safety hazards of Allyl Chloride to potentially exposed workers. This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. ----------------------------------------- HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Acute Health Effects The following acute (short term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Allyl Chloride: * Contact with the liquid can cause skin burns, deep aching, and "bone pain." * The liquid can cause severe eye burns, leading to permanent damage. * Breathing the vapor may irritate the lungs, causing coughing and/or shortness of breath. This may appear several hours after exposure and may leave permanent damage. * Higher exposure could cause a buildup of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema) which may be delayed 1 2 days. This can cause death. * Exposure to the vapor can irritate the eyes, nose and throat. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Allyl Chloride and can last for months or years: Cancer Hazard * Allyl Chloride may cause mutations (genetic changes) in living cells. Whether or not it poses a cancer hazard needs further study. Reproductive Hazard * Allyl Chloride may damage the developing fetus. Other Long Term Effects * It may damage the liver and kidneys. * Long term exposure may cause drying and cracking of the skin. * Very irritating substance may affect the lungs. It is not known whether Allyl Chloride causes lung damage. MEDICAL Medical Testing For those with frequent or potentially high exposure (half the TLV or greater), the following are recommended before beginning work and at regular times after that: * Liver and kidney function tests. * Lung function tests. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already done are not a substitute for controlling exposure. Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.20. Mixed Exposures Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung cancer, emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. Even if you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will reduce your risk of developing health problems. WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary. In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. In addition, the following controls are recommended: * Where possible, automatically pump liquid Allyl Chloride from drums, or other storage containers to process containers. * Specific engineering controls are recommended for this chemical by NIOSH Refer to the NIOSH criteria document: Occupational Exposure to Allyl Chloride #76 204. Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The following work practices are recommended: * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Allyl Chloride should change into clean clothing promptly. * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Allyl Chloride. * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use. * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower facilities should be provided. * On skin contact with Allyl Chloride, immediately wash or shower to remove the chemical. * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Allyl Chloride is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be appropriate. The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply to every situation. Clothing * Avoid skin contact with Allyl Chloride. Wear solvent resistant gloves and clothing. Safety equipment sup pliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your operation. * All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. Eye Protection * Wear splash proof chemical goggles and face shield when working with the liquid, unless full facepiece respiratory protection is worn. Respiratory Protection IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA 1910.134. * Where the potential exists for exposures over 1 ppm, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. * Exposure to 300 ppm is immediately dangerous to life and health. If the possibility of exposures above 300 ppm exists, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in continuous flow or other positive pressure mode. HANDLING AND STORAGE * Prior to working with Allyl Chloride you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. * Allyl Chloride must be stored to avoid contact with STRONG OXIDIZERS, (such as CHLORINE, CHLORINE DIOXIDE, and BRO MINE); ACIDS (such as SULFURIC ACID and HYDROCHLORIC ACID); ALUMINUM; ZINC; AMINES; PEROXIDES; and CHLORIDES of IRON or ALUMINUM, since violent reactions occur. * Store in tightly closed containers in a cool well ventilated area away from HEAT. * Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where Allyl Chloride is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. * Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more of Allyl Chloride should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. * Use only non sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of Allyl Chloride. Common Name: Allyl Chloride DOT Number: UN 1100 DOT Emergency Guide code: 57 CAS Number: 107-05-1 ---------------------------------------- NJ DOH Hazard rating FLAMMABILITY 3 REACTIVITY 1 ---------------------------------------- FLAMMABLE LIQUID POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED IN FIRE CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE --------------------------------------- Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; 4=severe FIRE HAZARDS * Allyl Chloride is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID and high concentrations of the vapor may cause an explosion. * Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or alcohol foam to extinguish fires. Water can be used to keep fire exposed containers cool. * POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED IN FIRE. * CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. * If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156. SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES If Allyl Chloride is spilled or leaked, take the following steps: * Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. * Remove all ignition sources. * Ventilate area of spill or leak. * Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. * Keep Allyl Chloride out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the buildup of explosive concentrations. * It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Allyl Chloride as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Environmental Program for specific recommendations. ========================================= FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department. ========================================= FIRST AID POISON INFORMATION Eye Contact * Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. Skin Contact * Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash area with large amounts of soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Breathing * Remove the person from exposure. * Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. * Transfer promptly to a medical facility. * Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. PHYSICAL DATA Vapor Pressure: 295 mm Hg at 68oF Flash Point: 25oF Water Solubility: Slightly soluble OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES Chemical Name: 3-Chloro-1-Propene Other Names and Formulations: 3-Chloropropene; 1-Chloro-2-Propene; Chloroallylene. ----------------------------------------- Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes. ----------------------------------------- NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Right to Know Program CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625 0368 ----------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Allyl Chloride is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. It serves as the parent compound for a number of derivatives, including a variety of resins, polymers, medicinal chemicals, agricultural chemicals, and metal plating solutions. It may enter the environment from idnustrial effluents or spills. ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with a toxic chemical substance. Allyl Chloride has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic life. No data are available on the short-term effects of Allyl Chloride to plants, birds, or land animals. CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior. Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic chemical. Allyl Chloride has moderate chhronic toxicity to aquatic life. No data are available on the long-term effects of Allyl Chloride to plants, birds, or land animals. WATER SOLUBILITY Allyl Chloride is highly soluble in water. Concentrations of 1,000 milligrams and more will mix with a liter of water. DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT Allyl Chloride is non-persistent in water, with a half-life of less than 2 days. The half-life of a pollutant is the amount of time it takes for one-half of the chemical to be degraded. About 99.3% of Allyl Chloride will eventually end up in air; the rest will end up in the water. BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in living oranisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals and humans. The concentration of Allyl Chloride found in fish tissues is expected to be about the same as the average concentration of Allyl Chloride in the water from which the fish was taken. SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.